\n";
ini_set('display_errors', '1');
// data types
$var = 24000; // integer
$var = 0xff7fff; // also integer
$var = 2.73; // fp
$var = "line\nback\\slash\ndollar\$sign\x5a"; // string
$var = "interpolate $var"; // does not appear to work with []'s?
$var = <<\n"; }
unset($indirect);
if (!isset($indirect)) { print "Now it's not
\n"; }
$indirect = NULL;
if (!isset($indirect)) { print "Still not
\n"; }
if (empty($indirect)) { print "And it's empty
\n"; }
$indirect = false;
if (empty($indirect)) { print "Defined but still empty
\n"; }
// SUPERGLOBALS
// $_GET[]
// $_POST[]
// $_COOKIE[]
// $_ENV[]
// $_SERVER[]
if (0) {} else { print "0 is falsey\n"; }
if (100) { print "100 is truthy\n"; }
if ("") {} else { print "\"\" is falsey\n"; }
if ("0") {} else { print "\"0\" is falsey\n"; }
if ("00") { print "\"00\" is truthy\n"; }
// similar to js
if (0 === 0) { print "0 is identical to 0\n"; }
if (0 === "0") {} else { print "0 is not identical to \"0\"\n"; }
// arrays. Think lua; they're always tables.
$a = array(1, 2, 3);
$a = array(1 => 1, 2 => 2, 3 => 3);
$a[] = "9";
print_r($a);
$a = array(100 => 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd');
if (array_key_exists(102, $a)) {
print $a[102]; print "\n";
}
$a = array('h' => 'aitch', 'b' => 'bee', 'r' => 'arr');
print $a['h'] . "\n";
print_r($a);
// modify in loop. NOTE PHP FULLY SUPPORTS SCOPE FAIL:
// if you say &$value instead of a new name here,
// the lexically next loop will mess up, because it
// uses $value.
foreach ($a as $key => &$vabb) {
if ($key == 'b') { $vabb = 'BEE'; }
}
foreach ($a as $key => $value) {
print $key . '=' . $value . "\n";
}
reset($a);
while (list($key, $val) = each($a)) {
print "$key = $val\n";
}
// list as LHS
list($hi, $there) = array("Hi", "there!");
print "$hi $there\n";
// include a define
include 'definitions.php';
print MY_CONSTANT;
// include $_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"] . "/myscript.php";
// references. eeggh
$foo = "hi";
$bar =& $foo; // $bar now aliases $foo
$bar = "lo";
print $foo; // prints lo
print "\n";
// $bar =& "you can't do that on television, or in php";
// dear god, casts, with many names
print 100 + 100;
print "100" + "100";
print (int)"100" + (integer)"100";
print "\n";
print (bool)"100" + (boolean)"100";
print "\n";
// "The operator @ silences error messages during the evaluation process of an
// expression." I hate you, PHP.
// round these parts it's called "elseif" (not "elif", not "elsif").
// but just follow C, it's fine.
$a = 7;
if ($a > 10) {
print "no";
} else if ($a > 5) {
print "yes\n";
} else {
print "no";
}
// omg you can also use endif
if ($a < 2):
print "yup\n";
else:
print "nope\n";
endif;
// JUMP IN AND OUT OF PHP
// note, does not expand $num in html
$num =& $a;
if ($num < 0): ?>
$num is negative
$num is zero
0): ?>
$num is positive
0) {
$d *= $i--;
}
print "5! = $d\n";
$i = 5;
$d = 1;
do {
$d *= $i--;
} while ($i > 0);
print "5! = $d\n";
// yes, you can
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
print $i % 2 ? "$i is odd\n" : "\$i is $i\n";
}
for ($i = 'fob'; $i <= 'fog'; $i++) {
print "\$i is $i\n";
}
// eval CAN INJECT INTO SCOPE. USE IT, ALWAYS.
eval('$vbbz = 7;');
print "$vbbz\n";
// finally, we get to functions.
function last($vbbz) {
return $vbbz{strlen($vbbz)-1};
}
print "vbbz is still $vbbz\n";
print "last garlic is " . last('garlic') . "\n";
// can't redefine functions. new name pls
function lastz($vbbz) {
$GLOBALS['vbbz'] = 'whee';
return $vbbz{strlen($vbbz)-1};
}
print "vbbz is $vbbz\n";
print "lastz spoon is " . lastz('spoon') . "\n";
print "vbbz is $vbbz\n";
// hoy it's like python. sorta
function lastq($vbbz) {
global $vbbz;
return $vbbz{strlen($vbbz)-1};
}
print "lastq orc is " . lastz('orc') . "\n";
// functions can OMG return references
function &g($x) {
return $GLOBALS[$x];
}
$x = &g('var');
$x = 23;
print "$var\n";
// to locals? yes, but there's no point
function &gg($x) {
$c = $x;
return $c;
}
$x = &gg('var');
$x = 12;
print "$x\n";
// can pass by reference. also default value
function add(&$dest, $value=1) {
$dest += $value;
}
//add(23, 10);
add($x, 10);
print "$x\n";
add($x);
print "$x\n";
// static
function adds(&$dest, $value=NULL) {
static $incr = 0;
if (isset($value)) { $incr = $value; }
$dest += $incr;
print "adds: dest is now $dest\n";
}
$x = 0;
adds($x);
adds($x, 5);
adds($x);
// OBJECT ORIENTATTATATTATATTATATTTION
interface IGreeter { // extends YetAnotherIFace, YetAnotherAnotherIFace {
function hello();
}
// DOESN'T NEED TO ABSTRACT hello() EVEN THOUGH IT ... YEAH
abstract class BaseCounter implements IGreeter {
abstract function zero();
abstract function incr();
}
class Counter extends BaseCounter {
//public $value;
//private $value;
protected $value;
const INCR = 1; // class-local constant. can't be private!!!?!
function __construct($value) {
$this->value = $value;
}
function zero() {
$this->value = 0;
}
function incr() {
$this->value += self::INCR;
}
final function getValue() { // can't be overridden
return $this->value;
}
/* "The __toString() method is currently only called by the print and echo
language constructs." Chrissakes, PHP... uggh. */
function __toString() {
return "Counter(" . $this->getValue() . ")"; // can't leave off $this->
}
function __destruct() {
print "bye\n";
}
function hello() {
print "hello from a " . __CLASS__ . "!\n";
}
}
$c = new Counter(700);
print "counter is now " . $c . "\n";
$c->zero();
//print "counter is " . $c->value . "\n";
// u can make up members
$c->name = "Allie";
print "counter's name is " . $c->name . "\n";
$c->incr();
$d = $c; // shallow copy obj ref
$d->incr();
$c->incr();
print "counter is now " . $c . "\n"; // 3
final class ParaCounter extends Counter { // can't be subclassed
private static $howManyOfTheseExist = 0;
private $incval;
function __construct($value, $incval) {
parent::__construct($value);
$this->incval = $incval;
ParaCounter::$howManyOfTheseExist++;
$this->hello();
print "I'm a " . __CLASS__ . "!\n";
}
static function howmany() {
//return ParaCounter::$howManyOfTheseExist;
return self::$howManyOfTheseExist;
}
function incr() {
$this->value += $this->incval;
}
}
$r = new ParaCounter(0, 5);
$c = new ParaCounter(60, 5);
print "counter is now " . $c->getValue() . "\n";
$c->zero();
$c->incr();
$c->incr();
$c->incr();
print "counter is now " . $c->getValue() . "\n";
print "howmany? " . $c->howmany();
print "howmany? " . $r::howmany();
// nope, private
// print ParaCounter::$howManyOfTheseExist;
print "\n";
print "Is r a IGreeter? " . ($r instanceof IGreeter) . "\n";
function doGreeter(IGreeter $x) {
$x->hello();
}
doGreeter($r);
// doGreeter(23); // fail
class BadOne extends Exception {
function fizzle() {
print "fizzle\n";
}
}
// ceptions
try {
$f = new BadOne();
throw $f;
} catch (IGreeter $e) {
print "naw\n";
} catch (BadOne $e) {
$e->fizzle();
}
// mmmmmmagic members
class Container {
function __get($property) {
return $property;
}
function __set($property, $value) {
print "$property=$value\n";
}
function __call($method, $args) {
print "$method!\n";
print_r($args);
}
}
$c = new Container();
print $c->fahahaha . "\n";
$c->wahahaha = 'blahahaha';
$c->blahahaha($c, 'moo', 23);
// ok, what happens if...
function bold($s) {
?> ";
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($query)) {
echo $row["name"] . " is aged " . $row["age"] . "
";
}
$b = array("name" => "John", "age" => 28);
echo $b['name'] . " is " . $b['age'] . " years old
";
foreach ($b as $key => $value) {
print "#$key = $value
";
}
*/
?>